Who is Your Father?

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Shaykh Dr. Haitham al-Haddad is a jurist who seeks to contextualise classical Islamic knowledge for the modern era. He is a firm believer that Islam is uniquely qualified — more than any other system — to build a divine civilisation capable of helping humanity to enjoy a better life in all spheres by maintaining the correct balance between the rights of the Creator and the rights of the creation. He believes Islam is the only viable alternative to the failing unjust and oppressive contemporary world systems, as Allah says: "You are the best nation produced [as an example] for mankind: you enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and believe in Allah." (al-Qur'ān, 3:110) According to this verse, Shaykh Haitham identifies the pillars of Islamic reform as īmān (faith), unity of the Ummah, impactful action, and knowledge. Drawing from his expertise in Islamic principles — Usūl al-Fiqh, Maqāsid al-Sharī‘ah, ‘Aqīdah, and other Islamic sciences — he promotes these foundational pillars to guide the Ummah’s revival. He is known for developing advanced theories that explore the role of Islamic jurisprudence in obtaining solutions for the contemporary challenges facing humanity, and he critically re-evaluates how Islamic legal rulings (fatāwa) can be formulated in light of modern sociopolitical realities. Shaykh Dr. Haitham al-Haddad earned his PhD from SOAS, University of London, with a doctoral thesis on Islamic jurisprudence concerning Muslim minorities. He also holds a bachelor’s degree in Sharī‘ah and Law from the University of Omdurman, Sudan, and a degree in engineering from the renowned King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) in Saudi Arabia. He has undertaken intensive studies in management, becoming a certified ISO 9000 auditor. In addition, he has studied various Islamic sciences under leading scholars of the Muslim world, including the former Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Shaykh ‘Abdul-‘Aziz ibn Baz, among many others. He has obtained many classical ijāzāt in various Islamic sciences, including Qur'ān and Hadīth. Shaykh Haitham has served as an Islamic judge for several UK-based arbitration and legal bodies for over 20 years; he is a judge at Islamic Council. He has delivered hundreds of courses on topics such as Fiqh, ‘Aqīdah, Usūl al-Fiqh, Maqāsid al-Sharī‘ah, Tafsīr, Sīrah, Islamic Thought, Islamic Leadership and Management, Da'wah, Reform, and Political Engagement. Shaykh Haitham has also submitted many academic papers in many universities around the world. He is frequently consulted by numerous Islamic organisations across Europe and beyond, and serves as a senior scholar at Islam21c. Shaykh Haitham has lectured in various universities around the Muslim world, provided counsel to Islamic institutions, authored several books and textbooks for different institutions, and travelled extensively to advocate for the reform and unity of the Ummah.
2 Comments




If the biological father is not recognised as the father under Shariah then does not that leave the door open for incest?
If a biological father had a son and a daughter who became allocated to different fathers under Shariah, what is to stop the son and the daughter getting married later in life, since they do not know that they have a common biological father?
Assalam-o-‘alaikum warahmatullah Shaykh Haitham,
Jazak Allahu Khairan for your article for this very important and practical issue. This signifies one scenario where reliance on DNA tests can contribute to loss of trust among families, the evidence that you have quoted is about a research study by a UAE student. This is clearly a negative use of DNA test without thinking about catastrophic consequences to the family. Indeed, Shari’ah takes care of all eventualities as Allah Swt is all-Encompassing.
(Slightly off the topic….) However, there may be other more positive uses of DNA test. One of them may be the DNA test to make a child reunite with their child after getting lost because of some reason. Another can be its use in the conflict where unfortunately children are among the civilian deaths and it may be that the children’s bodies are difficult to recognize. DNA tests can help in those situations. I hope you would find this as positive use of DNA tests. While I ask this, I must admit that I am not aware whether DNA is a sufficient test for identifying whether a child is the biological child of his (or her) parents. Any light on this aspect please? Regards.