We continue our new Ramadan series by our Tarbiyah Editor Sh Ali Hammuda, called ‘Sacred Truths’.
This article and video series will take you on a journey of universal principles from the Qur’an relating to the the trials and circumstances we face in our everyday lives.
Stay tuned for the release of episodes throughout the month—sign up here to get them sent straight to your inbox!
The fifth principle
This is undoubtedly one of the greatest and most blessed precepts that we, as Muslims, have been gifted with. It constitutes a tremendous coping mechanism that most have been deprived of. It is a concept that is intimately linked to a foundational aspect of our ʿaqīdah (creed). It is none other than the firm belief in Qadar (predestination).
Allah said:
مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ
“No disaster strikes except by permission of Allah. And whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart.”[2]
Elaborating on this verse, ʿAlqamah said:
هو الرجل تصيبه المصيبة فيعلم أنها من عند الله فيسلم لها ويرضى
“This āyah is in reference to a person who is struck with a calamity, but realises that it is from Allah, so he surrenders to it and is pleased.”[3]
Countless events from both the past and present bear testimony to the truth of this wisdom. How many times have people detested a matter which, in the end, proved to be a cause of their happiness and success? Of course, the opposite is just as true. Consider the following:
1
Nothing was more detestable to the heart of Prophet Mūsā’s mother than seeing her newborn in the arms of the Pharaoh. She feared that he, too, would be put to the sword, as was the fate of all male newborns in the law of Egypt. Yet Allah decreed that her worst fears , where Mūsā’s cot landed at the very doorstep of the Pharaoh, came true butsubsequent events did not turn out as she expected The outcome, however, was remarkable: one where baby Mūsā would be raised in royal household; one where he was reunited with his mother; and one where she would breastfeed her own son with a stipend from the Pharaoh himself. Truly, “Allah knows and you do not know.”
2
Nothing was more painful to the heart of Prophet Yaʿqūb than to be separated from his dearest son, Yūsuf. However, separation did occur, and for many years in fact. But the outcome was the penitence of the sinful brothers, the rescuing of a country from imminent famine, salvation of a nation from Hell, and timeless lessons for humanity till the end of the temporal world, particularly for parents who have been separated from their children due to a tragedy, some injustice , or other circumstances. Truly, “Allah knows and you do not know.”
3
– Nothing could have been more horrifying for Prophet Mūsā than to see the life of a sinless boy claimed so cruelly. When he interrogated al-Khaḍir concerning this, he responded:
وَأَمَّا الْغُلَامُ فَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ مُؤْمِنَيْنِ فَخَشِينَا أَنْ يُرْهِقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا. فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا
“And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared that he would overburden them by transgression and disbelief. So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them one better than him in purity and nearer to mercy.”[4]
We may lose someone or something, and at the moment of the incident, recovery from that loss may seem not only farfetched but utterly inconceivable. Time and time again, however, the experiences of life constantly disapprove of our knee-jerk and impatient assumptions during the thick of a catastrophe; they demonstrate how limited our grasp of matters are, and how unaware we are of where our happiness and misery truly lie.
Elaborating on this, Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said:
لولا محن الدنيا ومصائبها ، لأصاب العبد من أدواء الكِبر والعجب والفرعنة وقسوة القلب ، ما هو سبب هلاكه عاجلًا وآجلًا ، فمن رحمة أرحم الراحمين أن يتفقده في الأحيان بأنواع من أدوية المصائب ، تكون حمية له من هذه الأدواء ، وحفظًا لصحة عبوديته ، واستفراغًا للمواد الفاسدة الرديئة المهلكة ، فسبحان من يرحم ببلائه ، ويبتلي بنعمائه.
“If it were not for the tests and calamities of life, man would be afflicted with the illnesses of arrogance, self-admiration, Pharaonic behaviour, and hard-heartedness, all of which would be a cause for his peril sooner or later. Consequently, it is from the mercy of the Most Merciful that He checks people from time to time through medicinal tribulations, which in turn purify him from such ailments, safeguard the health of his servitude to Allah, and enable him to expel any harmful toxic matters. Thus, how perfect is He who shows mercy through His trials, and trials through His favours.”[5]
The duty upon a Muslim is that after undertakingall worldly means towards the fulfillment of an endeavour, they must then submit their heart to the will of the Sovereign of the universe. Allah chooses how the outcome will be according to what He knows is best for you, and not what you think is best for you. How valuable a standard then is this Qur’anic principle, and how key a feature it must be in the nurturing of our families and communities.
I conclude with a story that the scholars narrate with about a king and his minister. The latter was a righteous man who, in the face of every misfortune, would always repeat the phrase الخيرة فيما اختاره الله / “Allah only chooses what is best”. Once they were eating together when the king cut his hand badly. As usual, his minister said: “Allah only chooses what is best.” The king, however, saw this as an insult, as if the minister was gloating at his suffering, and therefore imprisoned him. The minister once again responded by saying, “Allah only chooses what is best.”
The king used to spend much of his recreational time hunting, which he would usually do with his minister. But seeing that he was now behind bars, the king went out by himself. As he pursued an animal, he failed to realise that he had crossed the boundaries of his land and entered into a land of idol worshippers. He was caught by them and they escorted him to their greatest idol, with the intention of offering him as a sacrifice. They lowered him to the ground and brought the knife to his neck, at which point they noticed that his hand was wounded. Considering this a flaw they deemed him unworthy of being offered as a sacrifice, and consequently set him free.
The king returned back to his palace, having now realised that, indeed, Allah only chooses what is best! He immediately freed his minister and told him what had happened. “I now see the good that came from my wound. But when I imprisoned you, you repeated ‘Allah only chooses what is best.’ So what good was in that?”
The minister said, “Who is it that usually accompanies you when you hunt?”
The king answered, “You.”
To which the minister replied, “Consequently, had I not been imprisoned, I would have been sacrificed instead of you.”
In the face of every misfortune that befalls you, let your slogan in life be, “Allah only chooses what is best”, and “Allah knows and I do not know”.
Shaykh Ali Ihsan Hammuda is Islam21c’s Tarbiya Editor. A UK national of Palestinian origin, he gained bachelors and masters’ degrees in Architecture & Planning from the University of the West of England, before achieving a BA in Shari’ah from al-Azhar University in Egypt. He is currently based in Wales and is a visiting Imām at Al-Manar Centre in Cardiff, and also a senior researcher and lecturer for the Muslim Research & Development Foundation in London. Shaykh Ali is the author of several books including ‘The Daily Revivals’, ‘The Ten Lanterns’ and ‘The Friday Reminder’. He delivers sermons, lectures and regular classes across the country.